Microprocessor (Introduction to Computer Continued)

The Microprocessors:-

The Microprocessor is the brain of computer. A microprocessor is is an integrated circuit that contains a complete CPU on a single chip. It is simply called CPU. CPU is central component of computer. The processor performs the calculations and processing for the computer. There are 2 main units of a Computer Processor.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit
Control Unit

Arithmetic and Logic Unit:-
This Part of the CPU. All the operation of Arithmetic and logic are Performed by ALU. The data on which any operation is to be taken is fed to computer memory with the help of Input device. That is then assigned to ALU for further operations. ALU is actually combination of two units.
Arithmetic Unit
Logic Unit

Arithmetic Unit:-

The Arithmetic unit of ALU performs the fundamental operation of arithmetic such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Logic Unit:-

This unit of ALU does all the operation of data involving between two values. The logical operation include the comparison between two numbers to define which number is greater, less, equal or not equal to a number.

Control Unit:-

CU is responsible for the execution of the program instruction given to the computer.The Input and Output Devices also depend on the CU.
It accepts the data from input devices and transfer it to the main memory. Then it transfer data from the main memory to ALU. At the end it sends the output either to main memory or output devices.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The Central Processing Unit:-

The Central Processing Unit or CPU is also called the Brain of a Computer. It is a very complex integrated Circuit. It is build up of millions of tiny components integrated together. It is mainly divided into 2 units.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

Control Unit (CU)

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU):-
The arithmetic and logic unit is the place where main processing is done. It performs Arithmetic Calculation (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division), while Logic unit performs Logical computations (compare objects and numbers with logical statements. Hence ALU manipulates the data.

Control Unit (CU):-

Control Unit maintains, orders and Controls the processing activity in the CPU. It directs the sequence of Operations.

What is Processing?

What is Processing?

When ever we talk about computer the first thing that comes to our mind is that computer process data. The second thing that we think is what is processing? How is Processing done? What methods are used to Process data?

Let us take an example, I say that your Brain is also a processor and what computer do is, It exactly copy your Brain. (You did not believe me!)

Human Brain is very complex as compare to a computer. It is attached to many Input and output devices. Eyes , Ears, Skin, Nose and Tongue are Input Devices used by brain to get input data. Our Voice and face's skin is out put devices attached to Brain.

Now when ever our ears listen a sound they convert it to electrical signals that are carried to brain for processing. What did brain do? It compare these electrical signals with already stored data. The storage capacity of brain is very large. The data stored in brain is also very well organized and Indexed. Now after matching signals with a proper indexed entry it produces results that then are recognized by our brain.

This index of brain start to developed since your birth. When you were a child it was difficult for you to understand things. As time passed you were able to recognize more and more things. This was because of a index table that is stored in your brain.

Same is with a computer, It solve complex problems by comparing them with already stored problems of same category. It compare two quantities and then produce the result. The problem Index of computer is generated by storing some kind of software in it.

We know that computer is a dumb machine. It has no idea of its own as compare to human brain. The computers today still need predefined methods to solve problems. The process of thinking is still based on what we have stored in it. The human brain can think on patterns it already have deal with. It can generate its own ideas. The scientist are still working on computers to make them able to generate their own ideas. It is called Artificial Intelligence. The fifth or may be sixth generation of computers will be equipped with Artificial Intelligence. The computers of that generations will be able to think (not like human but some how less or more).