BTX (mother board form factor continued)

BTX

The BTX, or Balanced Technology Extended form factor. BTX was developed to take advantage of technologies such as Serial ATA, USB 2.0, and PCI Express. Changes to the layout with the BTX form factor include better component placement for back panel I/O controllers and it is smaller than micro ATX systems. The BTX form factor provides the industry push to tower size systems with an increased number of system slots.
One of the most talked about features of the BTX form factor is that it uses in-line airflow. In the BTX form factor the memory slots and expansion slots have switched places, allowing the main components (processor, chipset, and graphics controller) to use the same airflow which reduces the number of fans needed in the system; thereby reducing noise. To assist in noise reduction BTX system level acoustics have been improved by a reduced air turbulence within the in-line airflow system.

ATX (Mother board form factor continued)

ATX

Stand for Advanced Technology Extended. With the need for a more integrated form factor which defined standard locations for the keyboard, mouse, I/O, and video connectors, in the mid 1990's the ATX form factor was introduced. The ATX form factor brought about many chances in the computer. Since the expansion slots were put onto separate riser cards that plugged into the motherboard, the overall size of the computer and its case was reduced. The ATX form factor specified changes to the motherboard, along with the case and power supply. Some of the design specification improvements of the ATX form factor included a single 20-pin connector for the power supply, a power supply to blow air into the case instead of out for better air flow, less overlap between the motherboard and drive bays, and integrated I/O Port connectors soldered directly onto the motherboard. The ATX form factor was an overall better design for upgrading.

The Execution Process of CPU (Introduction to motherboard continued)

The Execution Process of CPU:-

The execution process of Instruction by CPU is done in four simple steps. The control Unit performs the Execution process for CPU:

• Instruction Fetch
• Interpret Instruction
• Data Fetch
• Execution Instruction

Microprocessor (Introduction to Computer Continued)

The Microprocessors:-

The Microprocessor is the brain of computer. A microprocessor is is an integrated circuit that contains a complete CPU on a single chip. It is simply called CPU. CPU is central component of computer. The processor performs the calculations and processing for the computer. There are 2 main units of a Computer Processor.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit
Control Unit

Arithmetic and Logic Unit:-
This Part of the CPU. All the operation of Arithmetic and logic are Performed by ALU. The data on which any operation is to be taken is fed to computer memory with the help of Input device. That is then assigned to ALU for further operations. ALU is actually combination of two units.
Arithmetic Unit
Logic Unit

Arithmetic Unit:-

The Arithmetic unit of ALU performs the fundamental operation of arithmetic such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Logic Unit:-

This unit of ALU does all the operation of data involving between two values. The logical operation include the comparison between two numbers to define which number is greater, less, equal or not equal to a number.

Control Unit:-

CU is responsible for the execution of the program instruction given to the computer.The Input and Output Devices also depend on the CU.
It accepts the data from input devices and transfer it to the main memory. Then it transfer data from the main memory to ALU. At the end it sends the output either to main memory or output devices.

Introduction To MotherBoard

Introduction of Motherboard:-

Motherboard is a circuit board also called main board. All components of a computer are connected together using motherboard. (It is called mother board because it connect all components together, like a mother). Components on a motherboard are connected together using a set of wires called buses. All important components of computer (like processors, RAMs, Cards) are connected directly to motherboard while other components are connected using ports available on a motherboard. Computer motherboard has Sockets, Slots, Bays and Ports to connect different components.

Socket:-

A socket is usually a square shape connector. It connects chips in in it. Today Microprocessors are mostly in form of a chip and are inserted in Sockets.

Slots:-

Slots are usually rectangular connectors. There are many types of slots present on computer motherboard. slots are used to ad extra features to motherboard. Slots are used to insert cards. Following slots are available on motherboards. Slots are also called edge connectors.
RAM Slots
PCI Slots
AGP Slots
ISA Slots
EISA Slots

Bays:-

Bays are used to connect drives (CD-ROM, Floppy, Hard Disk, Tape etc.) to computer motherboard.  Most commonly used bay is ATA (Advance Technology Attachments). It is available in PATA (Parallel Advance Technology Attachments) and SATA (Serial Advance Technology Attachments). Modern motherboards mostly coming with only SATA bays as it is faster then PATA.

Ports:-

Ports are mostly available on the back panel of Motherboard. These Ports are used to connect devices to computers. A variety of ports are available now a days. PS2 ports are used to connect Keyboard and Mouse, Serial Ports are used to connect many devices including mouse, joysticks etc. LPT port is used to connect printers. Sound ports are used to connect audio jacks. VGA Port is used to connect monitor or LCD. DVI port is also available for Monitor and LCDs. HDMI port is avail able for Video interfaces.

The most widely used ports today are USB Ports (Universal Serial Bus). almost each and every devices are available in USB connection. Thats why Modern motherboards come with very fewer slots. USB ports are HOT PLUG&Play Ports.

The Motherboard Introduction (Images)

Computer Case Front

Computer Case Back

Motherboard Components

Motherboard Back Panel