Microprocessor (Introduction to Computer Continued)

The Microprocessors:-

The Microprocessor is the brain of computer. A microprocessor is is an integrated circuit that contains a complete CPU on a single chip. It is simply called CPU. CPU is central component of computer. The processor performs the calculations and processing for the computer. There are 2 main units of a Computer Processor.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit
Control Unit

Arithmetic and Logic Unit:-
This Part of the CPU. All the operation of Arithmetic and logic are Performed by ALU. The data on which any operation is to be taken is fed to computer memory with the help of Input device. That is then assigned to ALU for further operations. ALU is actually combination of two units.
Arithmetic Unit
Logic Unit

Arithmetic Unit:-

The Arithmetic unit of ALU performs the fundamental operation of arithmetic such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Logic Unit:-

This unit of ALU does all the operation of data involving between two values. The logical operation include the comparison between two numbers to define which number is greater, less, equal or not equal to a number.

Control Unit:-

CU is responsible for the execution of the program instruction given to the computer.The Input and Output Devices also depend on the CU.
It accepts the data from input devices and transfer it to the main memory. Then it transfer data from the main memory to ALU. At the end it sends the output either to main memory or output devices.

Introduction To MotherBoard

Introduction of Motherboard:-

Motherboard is a circuit board also called main board. All components of a computer are connected together using motherboard. (It is called mother board because it connect all components together, like a mother). Components on a motherboard are connected together using a set of wires called buses. All important components of computer (like processors, RAMs, Cards) are connected directly to motherboard while other components are connected using ports available on a motherboard. Computer motherboard has Sockets, Slots, Bays and Ports to connect different components.

Socket:-

A socket is usually a square shape connector. It connects chips in in it. Today Microprocessors are mostly in form of a chip and are inserted in Sockets.

Slots:-

Slots are usually rectangular connectors. There are many types of slots present on computer motherboard. slots are used to ad extra features to motherboard. Slots are used to insert cards. Following slots are available on motherboards. Slots are also called edge connectors.
RAM Slots
PCI Slots
AGP Slots
ISA Slots
EISA Slots

Bays:-

Bays are used to connect drives (CD-ROM, Floppy, Hard Disk, Tape etc.) to computer motherboard.  Most commonly used bay is ATA (Advance Technology Attachments). It is available in PATA (Parallel Advance Technology Attachments) and SATA (Serial Advance Technology Attachments). Modern motherboards mostly coming with only SATA bays as it is faster then PATA.

Ports:-

Ports are mostly available on the back panel of Motherboard. These Ports are used to connect devices to computers. A variety of ports are available now a days. PS2 ports are used to connect Keyboard and Mouse, Serial Ports are used to connect many devices including mouse, joysticks etc. LPT port is used to connect printers. Sound ports are used to connect audio jacks. VGA Port is used to connect monitor or LCD. DVI port is also available for Monitor and LCDs. HDMI port is avail able for Video interfaces.

The most widely used ports today are USB Ports (Universal Serial Bus). almost each and every devices are available in USB connection. Thats why Modern motherboards come with very fewer slots. USB ports are HOT PLUG&Play Ports.

The Motherboard Introduction (Images)

Computer Case Front

Computer Case Back

Motherboard Components

Motherboard Back Panel