Computer Hardware Exercises

Computer Hardware Exercises
Fill In The Blanks

1. ISA is an acronym for ____________________________________________. 
2. The Universal Serial Bus simply use _________ number of wires to connection. 
3. BIOS is an acronym for ___________________________________________ 
4. Originally 8-bit version of ISA runs at ________ MHz in the PC. 
5. The default IRQ for COM1 is _____________________________________. 
6. Full-Size AT motherboards live in ___________________ form Factor. 
7. The voltage of CMOS batteries ranges from ___________ to ___________. 
8. CMOS stands for _______________________________________________ 
9. POST is an acronym of__________________________________________
10. PCMCIA acronym of ___________________________________________
11. The largest, fastest, most expensive type of computer is the ______________. 
12. The most commonly used input device is the __________________________.     
13. The raw facts are called ____________________.                     
14. The term multimedia refers to __________________.                
15. CPU stands for________________.                         
16. A megabyte is actually equal to ___________ kilobytes.            
17. keyboards, mouse and microphone are examples of _____________    
18. Package software is the kind of ____________program.        
19. 1 GB is equal to ___________kb.                    
20. Inkjet and laser printer is a type of _____________printers.        
21. Hard disk, floppy diskette, CDs are example of ___________________.
22.  Windows Vista is a _______________________________
23. Software has ___________ types
24. The raw facts are called ____________________.                 
25. Each device has specific software which is installed to operate it, called, _______.    
26. Short key use for closing the documents is, ___________________________
27. For Minimizing all open windows press, ___________________________
28. Moving between different Applications Press, __________________________
29. Power Options are set for saving _____________________
30. CD is stand for ___________________________________
31. DVD is stand for _____________________________________
32. CMOS is stand for ____________________________________________.
33. BIOS is stand for ___________________________________________
34. POST is an acronym of _________________________________________.
35. HDD could be damaged from _______________________________.
36. The utility that prevent HDD from virus is called _________________.
37. 2 HDD can be installed on a single data cable by ________________ setting.
38. IDE  stand for _________________________________________________
39. There are two types of HDD used on Motherboard IDE and ______________
40. CMOS cell saved the ________________ setting of computer system
41. Viruses are damaged the __________ of HDD

LPT Ports

LPT Ports

LPT ports are use for parallel data communication. The name is derived from their original use with printers (LPT—line printer). The original IBM standard LPT port did not provide bi-directional communications (talk-back) and was designed solely for one-way data streams to a printer. IBM presents a preset combination of IRQ's and I/O addresses that are shows bellow. Note that IRQ-5 if present, it quickly become the favorite for devices like sound card and other add-on devices.

Port	IO Address	IRQ Number
LPT1	378	7
LPT2	278	5

COM Ports

COM Ports

IBM created preset combinations of IRQs and I/O addresses for serial devices. These preset combinations are called ports. The word "port" simply means a portal or two-way access. The preset combinations are called COM ports for serial devices. The purpose of a port is to make installation easier. Modems and printers, therefore, do not require IRQ or I/O settings. When assigned to an active port (as long as no other device is using that port), they will start working. The following table lists standard COM ports.

Port	IO Address	IRQ Number
COM1	3F8	4
COM2	2F8	3
COM3	3E8	4
COM4	2E8	3

I/O port Addresses

I/O port Addresses

I/O port addresses are located in the Hardware Resources category in System Information. It is the communication channel among hardware devices in the system. I/O addresses are identifying in Hexadecimal number system. Unlike IRQ,s and DMA there are 65,535 ports addresses are exists number from 0000h to FFFFh. Virtually all system buses use I/O port addresses. Most of them are fairly standardized, meaning they would not be conflict or problem with these settings. Some common I/O addresses are listed below:

Port	IO Address
COM1	3F8
COM2	2F8
COM3	3E8
COM4	2E8
LPT1	378
LPT2	278